1Samuel Dontoh, and 2James Kwabena Odum
1Department of Education, Ofinso College of
Education
2Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Catholic University College of Ghana
Abstract: The current empirical
review of career choices among senior high school students is organized around
the following thematic areas: How adolescent students plan their vocational
choices, The factors that influence adolescent students’ vocational choices,
The role of guidance and counseling in shaping students’ vocational choices and
the challenges schools face in helping adolescent students make the right
vocational choices Empirical research on this area of adolescents' vocational
behavior has not been given much attention and has not been explored in
revisions concerning vocational choice among senior high school students.
Several studies in this area have been reviewed and summarized in this work.
Conversely, this empirical review noted that though most public schools in
Ghana have guidance and counseling units, they are not specifically designed to
help adolescents make career and vocational choices. Rather, they observed that
counseling units focus more on adolescent physical transformation, sexual
development, and separation from parents, identity confusion, social issues,
and individuality. Furthermore, the review focused on how teenage adolescents
make decisions about their future careers. The variables that affect the
occupational choices of teenage pupils, the importance of advice and counseling
in influencing students' career choices, as well as the difficulties that
schools confront in assisting teenage pupils in making the best possible career
choices. One of the findings in this review revealed that the performance of
females in Australian schools was comparatively lower in career planning,
greater in exploring career options, awareness of the professional world, and
choosing a career. Another finding in South African schools witnessed no
difference in gender pertaining to career planning. At the same time, women
performed worse in terms of professional world awareness and career choice in
terms of career exploration. However, adolescence is a critical stage for
adolescents' integration into the professional world. Scholars argue that
adolescents can develop a work attitude and consistent perception of the world
of work at an early stage in life.
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